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初二上冊(cè)英語語法大全
初二上冊(cè)英語語法大全

1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地”。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么時(shí)候離開上海的?
2.“leave for+地點(diǎn)”表示“動(dòng)身去某地”。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.“leave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地去某地”。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你為什么要離開上海去北京?
2) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should“應(yīng)該”學(xué)會(huì)使用
should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用,常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等,有“竟會(huì)”的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什么來得這么晚?
should有時(shí)表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做或發(fā)生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相幫助。
我們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1. 用于表示“應(yīng)該”或“不應(yīng)該”的概念。常指長(zhǎng)輩教導(dǎo)或責(zé)備晚輩。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你應(yīng)該把手洗干凈了再來。
2.用于提出意見勸導(dǎo)別人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感覺不舒服,你最好去看醫(yī)生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點(diǎn)之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我們?cè)谕盹埱熬湍艿搅恕?/p>
She should be here any moment. 她隨時(shí)都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞,都可以指人或事物,但是what僅用來詢問職業(yè)。如:
What is your father? 你父親是干什么的?
該句相當(dāng)于:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪個(gè)是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背后的那個(gè)男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物沒有范圍的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范圍的限制。如:
What color do you like best?(所有顏色)你最喜愛什么顏色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜愛哪一種顏色? (有特定的范圍)
3. what 與 which 后都可以接單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如:
Which pictures are from China? 哪些圖片來自中國?
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些:
always(總是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,經(jīng)常)
sometimes(有時(shí)候)
never(從不)
2.頻度副詞的位置:
a.放在連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.大衛(wèi)上學(xué)經(jīng)常遲到。
b.放在行為動(dòng)詞前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經(jīng)常在7:10去上學(xué)。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有時(shí)我步行回家,有時(shí)我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時(shí),主語、謂語動(dòng)詞要倒裝。如:
Never have I been there.我從沒到過那兒。
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day 作狀語,譯為“每一天”。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7:10去上學(xué)。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語,譯為“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活動(dòng)是什么?
6) 什么是助動(dòng)詞
1.協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~(Main Verb)。助動(dòng)詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨(dú)使用。例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。
(doesn't是助動(dòng)詞,無詞義;like是主要?jiǎng)釉~,有詞義)
2.助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用,可以用來:
a. 表示時(shí)態(tài),例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已結(jié)婚。
b. 表示語態(tài),例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國。
c. 構(gòu)成疑問句,例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學(xué)過英語嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構(gòu)成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強(qiáng)語氣,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會(huì)。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動(dòng)詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘記要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘記做過某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著,它忘記關(guān)了。(沒有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。 ( 已做過關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。 (to come動(dòng)作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著,即關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作沒有發(fā)生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示燈已經(jīng)關(guān)上了,而自己忘記了這一事實(shí)。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do記得去做某事(未做);
remember doing記得做過某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個(gè)人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn),表示客觀形式的形容詞,如:
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對(duì)他來說學(xué)兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞。如:
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法:
用介詞后面的代詞作主語,用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語,造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如:
You are nice. (通順,所以應(yīng)用of)。
He is hard. (人是困難的,不通,因此應(yīng)用for。)
9) 對(duì)兩個(gè)句子的提問
新目標(biāo)英語在命題中有將對(duì)句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢(shì),現(xiàn)在采取的作法是對(duì)一個(gè)句子進(jìn)行自由提問。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提問:1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然,學(xué)生多了更多的回答角度,也體現(xiàn)了考試的靈活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用,結(jié)構(gòu)為“so+形容詞+a/an+名詞”。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用,結(jié)構(gòu)為“such+a/an+形容詞+名詞”。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
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